Spin angular momentum of a photon corresponds to a polarisation degree of freedom of lights, and such that various polarisation properties are coming from macroscopic manifestation of quantum-mechanical properties of lights.An orbital degree of freedom of lights is also manipulated to form a vortex of lights with orbital angular momentum, which is
Fatty acids play a major role in determining membrane biophysical properties.Staphylococcus aureus produces branched-chain fatty acids (BCFAs) and straight-chain saturated fatty acids (SCSFAs), and can directly incorporate exogenous SCSFAs and straight-chain unsaturated fatty acids (SCUFAs).Many S.aureus strains produce the triterpenoid pigment sta
As Nb films are widely used as superconducting electrodes of Josephson junctions, it is important to investigate the properties of Nb films in order to fabricate high-quality Josephson junctions.In this work, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the relationships among the properties INFINIUM EXTRA STRONG of DC magnetron sputtered Nb films with